Particle Acceleration and the Formation of Relativistic Outflows in Viscous Accretion Disks with Shocks
نویسندگان
چکیده
In this Letter, we present a new self-consistent theory for the production of the relativistic outflows observed from radio-loud black hole candidates and active galaxies as a result of particle acceleration in hot, viscous accretion disks containing standing, centrifugally supported isothermal shocks. This is the first work to obtain the structure of such disks for a relatively large value of the Shakura-Sunyaev viscosity parameter ( ), a p 0.1 and to consider the implications of the shock for the acceleration of relativistic particles in viscous disks. In our approach, the hydrodynamics and the particle acceleration are coupled and the solutions are obtained selfconsistently based on a rigorous mathematical method. We find that particle acceleration in the vicinity of the shock can provide enough energy to power the observed relativistic jet in M87. Subject headings: accretion, accretion disks — black hole physics — galaxies: jets — hydrodynamics
منابع مشابه
A Self-consistent Model for the Formation of Relativistic Outflows in Advection-dominated Accretion Disks with Shocks
In this Letter, we suggest that the relativistic protons powering the outflows emanating from radio-loud systems containing black holes are accelerated at standing, centrifugally supported shocks in hot advection-dominated accretion disks. Such disks are ideal sites for first-order Fermi acceleration at shocks because the gas is tenuous, and consequently the mean free path for particle-particle...
متن کاملThe Role of Thermal Conduction in Accretion Disks with Outflows
In this work we solve the set of hydrodynamical equations for accretion disks in the spherical coordinates (r,θ,ϕ) to obtain the explicit structure along θ direction. We study a two-dimensional advective accretion disc in the presence of thermal conduction. We find self-similar solutions for an axisymmetric, rotating, steady, viscous-resistive disk. We show that the global structure of an advec...
متن کاملEffect of the temperature profile of the accretion disk on the structure of jets and outflows around protostars
Magnetic fields play an important role in creating, driving, and in the evolution of outflows and jets from protostars and accretion disks. On the other hand, the temperature profile of the accretion disks may also affect the structure of the magnetic field and outflows. In this paper, we use the self-similar method in cylindrical coordinates to investigate the effect of the temperature profile...
متن کاملParticle Acceleration and the Production of Relativistic Outflows in Advection-Dominated Accretion Disks with Shocks
Relativistic outflows (jets) of matter are commonly observed from systems containing black holes. The strongest outflows occur in the radio-loud systems, in which the accretion disk is likely to have an advection-dominated structure. In these systems, it is clear that the binding energy of the accreting gas is emitted primarily in the form of particles rather than radiation. However, no compreh...
متن کاملCalculation of the relativistic bulk tensor and shear tensor of relativistic accretion flows in the Kerr metric.
In this paper, we calculate the relativistic bulk tensor and shear tensor of the relativistic accretion ows in the Kerr metric, overall and without any approximation. We obtain the relations of all components of the relativistic bulk and shear tensor in terms of components of four-velocity and its derivatives, Christoffel symbols and metric components in the BLF. Then, these components are deri...
متن کامل